์ˆ˜์—…/2021-2

ch13. unemployment and inflation

์ฑ„๋ฏœ 2021. 12. 6.
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๋ฐ˜์‘ํ˜•

inflation

์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์˜ ๊ณ„์†์ ์ธ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ >> ๋ˆ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ด

 

inflation์˜ self-sustaining(์ž๊ธ‰์ž์กฑ) ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ: ์˜์†์ (perpetuate its own), ์™ธ๋ถ€ ๊ฐœ์ž…์—†์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํด ๋Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค

1. ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ฆ๊ฐ€>> ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ž ์ด์œค ์ฆ๊ฐ€

2. ์ž„๊ธˆ ์ค„์ด๋ ค๋Š” ์œ ์ธ ๊ฐ์†Œ

3. ์ž„๊ธˆ์ธ์ƒ >> ์†Œ๋น„ ์ง€์ถœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€

4. ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ์ฆ๊ฐ€

 

 

inflation์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ํšจ๊ณผ

equity effects

Real income vs. value of assets

 

Efficiency effects

Relative demands and supplies → relative prices

 

Outcome effects

 

inflation์˜ ์ธก์ • by price index(๋ฌผ๊ฐ€์ง€์ˆ˜)

 

์‹ค์—…์˜ ์ •์˜

๋…ธ๋™๋ ฅ: 16์„ธ ์ด์ƒ์˜ non-institutionalized people who are employed or not employed but looking for work

 

์‹ค์—… ์ธก์ •

labor force participation rate = total people in labor force / ์ž ์žฌ์  ๋…ธ๋™์ž์˜ ์ˆ˜

์‹ค์—…๋ฅ  = ์‹ค์ œ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ ์ฐพ๋Š”์‚ฌ๋žŒ / ๋…ธ๋™๋ ฅ์— ์†ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ˆ˜

 

์‹ค์—…์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜

frictional(๋งˆ์ฐฐ)

๋…ธ๋™์ž์™€ ๊ตฌ์ง์ž ๊ฐ„ ๋งˆ์ฐฐ

๊ณต๊ธ‰ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ์˜ ์‹ค์—… >> ์‚ฌ์งํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‘๋‹ฌ๋’ค ๋” ์ข‹์€ ์ง์—…

seasonal unemployment

ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์Œ

 

structural

๋…ธ๋™ ์š”๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์  ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ

ํ‚ค์˜ค์Šคํฌ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ข…์—…์› ์‹ค์ง

labor supply๋Š” ์ง€๋ฆฌ์ , ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์œผ๋กœ immobile >> ์žฅ๊ธฐ์  ์‹ค์—… ์œ ๋ฐœ

 

cyclical

business cycle๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€

๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์นจ์ฒด๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ํ•ด๊ณ 

 

natural

frictional + structural

4~5%์˜ ์‹ค์—…๋ฅ ์€ ์ž์—ฐ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ

 

์‹ค์—…๋ฅ ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ 

discouraged workers(์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ ํฌ๊ธฐ)๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ

underemployment(์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ ๊ฒŒ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ) ํฌํ•จ ์•ˆ๋จ

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